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- Ljubljana Castle, first mentioned in 1144 as the seat of the Duchy of Carinthia, was destroyed when the duchy became part of the Habsburg domains in 1335. Between 1485 and 1495, the present castle was built and furnished with towers. Its purpose was to defend the empire against Ottoman invasion as well as peasant revolt. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the castle became an arsenal and a military hospital. It was damaged during the Napoleonic period and, once back in the Austrian Empire, became a prison, which it remained until 1905, resuming that function during World War II. The castle's Outlook Tower dates to 1848; this was inhabited by a guard whose duty it was to fire cannons warning the city in case of fire or announcing important visitors or events. In 1905, the city of Ljubljana bought the castle, which underwent a renovation in the 1960s. Since 2007, a funicular has linked the city center to the castle atop the hill.
